[tomek@vz]

Autor Ivo_Strojnica

Uglavnom, volim backupirati stvari i volim da je to automatizirano, pa rekoh, zašto ne napraviti automatizaciju koja će, kad se ušteka određeni USB, mountati ga i napraviti incrementalni backup na njega, te kad završi, unmountati ga?

Na kraju se ispostavilo da je to poprilično jednostavno:

Prvo valja izvući uuid vašeg diska za koji želite napraviti trigger:

sudo blkid

Nađete koji je vaš disk i kopirate njegov UUID

1. Napraviti skriptu koja će raditi backup, ja osobno radim rsync:

nano /usr/local/bin/backup_data.sh

#!/bin/bash

# Variables
UUID="e6f8b3fb-9a44-4962-b33f-e1fd98df8230"    # Replace with your disk's UUID
MOUNT_POINT="/mnt/mydisk"                      # Adjust the mount point as needed
SOURCE_FOLDER="/path/to/folder_X"              # Replace with the path to the folder "X"
BACKUP_FOLDER="$MOUNT_POINT/backup"            # Backup location on the mounted disk
LOG_DIR="/var/log/mount_backup"                # Directory to store log files
LOG_FILE="$LOG_DIR/backup_$(date +'%Y%m%d_%H%M%S').log"  # Log file with timestamp

# Ensure the log directory exists
[ ! -d "$LOG_DIR" ] && mkdir -p "$LOG_DIR"

# Function to perform the backup
perform_backup() {
    echo "[$(date)] Starting backup from $SOURCE_FOLDER to $BACKUP_FOLDER" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
    
    # Use rsync to perform the backup, excluding the specified folder
    rsync -av "$SOURCE_FOLDER/" "$BACKUP_FOLDER/" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"

    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        echo "[$(date)] Backup completed successfully." | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
    else
        echo "[$(date)] Backup failed." | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
    fi
}

# Function to clean up old log files (older than 7 days)
cleanup_logs() {
    echo "[$(date)] Cleaning up log files older than 7 days." | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
    find "$LOG_DIR" -type f -name "*.log" -mtime +7 -exec rm {} \;
    echo "[$(date)] Log cleanup completed." | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
}

# Check if the disk is already mounted using findmnt and UUID
if ! findmnt -rn -S "UUID=$UUID" > /dev/null; then
    # Create the mount point directory if it doesn't exist
    [ ! -d "$MOUNT_POINT" ] && mkdir -p "$MOUNT_POINT"

    # Mount the disk
    mount -U "$UUID" "$MOUNT_POINT"

    # Check if the mount was successful
    if findmnt -rn -S "UUID=$UUID" > /dev/null; then
        echo "[$(date)] Disk mounted successfully at $MOUNT_POINT" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
        
        # Ensure the backup directory exists
        [ ! -d "$BACKUP_FOLDER" ] && mkdir -p "$BACKUP_FOLDER"
        
        # Perform the backup
        perform_backup
    else
        echo "[$(date)] Failed to mount the disk" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
    fi
else
    echo "[$(date)] Disk is already mounted." | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
    
    # Perform the backup even if the disk was already mounted
    perform_backup
fi

# Clean up old log files
cleanup_logs

# Unmount disk
umount "$MOUNT_POINT"

2. napraviti da je skripta executable:

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/backup_data.sh

3. Napraviti servis koji će pokretati skriptu koristeći systemd:

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/backup_data.service

[Unit]
Description=Backup Data on Insertion

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/backup_data.sh
User=root
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

4. Napraviti servis koji će raditi monitoring /dev/disk/by-uuid/ foldera:

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/monitor_disk.path

[Unit]
Description=Monitor USB Disk Path

[Path]
PathExists=/dev/disk/by-uuid/e6f8b3fb-9a44-4962-b33f-e1fd98df8230
DirectoryNotEmpty=/dev/disk/by-uuid/
Unit=backup_data.service

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

5. reloadati systemd:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

6. aktivirati servis za monitoring:

sudo systemctl enable monitor_disk.path
sudo systemctl start monitor_disk.path

Ukratko, monitor_disk.path će čekati da se ušteka USB disk sa određenim UUID-jem i onda triggerati servis koji će pokrenuti vašu skriptu.


NAPOMENA: ne startati servis backup_data.service, njega će triggerati .path servis.

Eto, nadam se da sam nekom pomoga.

Nice. No da ti jos malo olaksam zivot...nemoj rsync za inkrementalni backup koristiti vec rsnapshot.
Sa cleanup_logs funkcijom oprezno da ti ne pocne brisat sve logove u /var/log starije od 7 dana. Čekiraj logrotate.